| Subject | Contents |
| Definition | A generic term used to reference a group of tests that may be performed on a urine sample. See also urinalysis . |
| Alternative Names | Chemistry - urine |
| How the test is performed | Child or adult: Collect a "clean-catch" (midstream) urine sample. To obtain a clean-catch sample, men or boys should wipe clean the head of the penis . Women or girls need to wash the area between the lips of the vagina with soapy water and rinse well. As you start to urinate, allow a small amount to fall into the toilet bowl (this clears the urethra of contaminants). Then, in a clean container, catch about 1 to 2 ounces of urine and remove the container from the urine stream. Give the container to the health care provider or assistant. Infant: Thoroughly wash the area around the urethra. Open a urine collection bag (a plastic bag with an adhesive paper on one end), and place it on your infant. For males, the entire penis can be placed in the bag and the adhesive attached to the skin. For females, the bag is placed over the labia. Place a diaper over the infant (bag and all). Check your baby frequently and remove the bag after the infant has urinated into it. For active infants, this procedure may take a couple of attempts -- lively infants can displace the bag, causing an inability to obtain the specimen. The urine is drained into a container for transport back to the health care provider. In the laboratory the specific test, as ordered by your health care provider, is performed. |
| How to prepare for the test | For detailed information about how to prepare for the test, how the test will feel, risks associated with the test, and normal and abnormal values, please see the specific test as ordered by your health care provider: 24-hours urinary aldosterone excretion rateporphyrins; urineamylase, urinemyoglobin - urineHCG (qualitative - urine) 24-hour urine Cu urinalysisRBC; urineketones - urineurine pHurine specific gravityurinary castsprotein, urineglucose - urineurea nitrogen; urineosmolality, urineurine concentration testacid loading test (pH)creatinine - urine24 hrs urine proteincortisol, urinecalcium; urinevanillylmandelic acid (VMA)norepinephrine-urine testdopamine-urine testadrenalin-urine testepinephrine-urine testurine metanephrinenormetanephrinehomovanillic acid (HVA)citric acid urine testelectrolytes - urinesodium, urinepotassium; urinebilirubin; urineprotein electrophoresis - urineimmunoelectrophoresis - urineimmunofixation - urineurine Bence-Jones proteinuric acid, urineurine culture (clean catch)urine culture (catheterized specimen)cytology exam of urineleucine aminopeptidase - urine estriol - urine urine dermatan sulfateurine amino acidsurine - hemoglobinurine reducing substances |
| How the test will feel | |
| Why the test is performed | |
| Normal Values | |
| What abnormal results mean | |
| What the risks are | |
| Special considerations | |
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