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| Definition | Lung disease is any disease or disorder characterized by impaired lung function . There are three major physiologic categories of lung diseases: 1. Obstructive lung disease, defined as a decrease in the exhaled air flow caused by a narrowing or obstruction of the airways, such as with asthma , emphysema , and chronic bronchitis . 2. Restrictive lung disease, defined as a decrease in the total volume of air that the lungs are able to hold. Often this is due to a decrease in the elasticity or compliance of the lungs themselves or a problem in the expansion of the chest wall during inhalation. 3. A defect in the ability of the lung air sack tissue to promote the diffusion of oxygen into a person's blood. Most lung diseases actually involve a combination of these categories, such as emphysema, which is typified by both airflow obstruction and oxygenation problems. Major lung diseases include:asthma BOOP chronic bronchitis COPD ( chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ) emphysema interstitial lung disease pulmonary fibrosis sarcoidosis Other lung diseases include: asbestosisaspergillomaaspergillosis - acute invasiveaspergillosis - allergic atelectasiseosinophilic pneumonialung cancermetastatic lung cancernecrotizing pneumoniapleural effusionpneumoconiosispneumocystosispneumoniapneumonia in immunodeficient patientpneumothoraxpulmonary actinomycosispulmonary alveolar proteinosispulmonary anthraxpulmonary arteriovenous malformationpulmonary edemapulmonary emboluspulmonary histiocytosis X (eosinophilic granuloma)pulmonary hypertensionpulmonary nocardiosispulmonary tuberculosispulmonary veno-occlusive diseaserheumatoid lung disease This is not a complete list of lung diseases. |
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